PEACH

History

1530

Population: 484 Million*

Entertainment: Writers include Claude Garamond creates book by King Francis I, Melanchthon Apologia, Peter Martyr (discoveries in the New World)
Art includes Corregio "Adoration of the Shepherds", Titian "Cardinal Ippolito de Medici" (portrait),
Geography: Regnier Gemma Frisius suggests that longitude can be found by means of difference of times
Religion: Catholic Church orders abolition of all innovations to its doctrines at Diet of Augsburg
Philip Melanchthon draws up tenets of Lutheranism and presented at Diet of Ausburg "Ausburg Confession"
Science: Georg Agricola writes first treatise on mineralogy
Copernicus publishes
Brunfels Herbarum Vivae Eicones becomes best-selling herbal
Technology: Workman's bench come into use
German Frisius proposes prime meridian
Deaths: Poet Jacopo Sannazaro, Humanist Willibald Pirckheimer, Cardinal Wolsey - dies on way to treason trial

General: Portuguese organize trans-Atlantic slave trade
Cabeza de Vaca explores N Mexico and Brazil
Inca begin using code of knots tied in strings of different thicknesses
Measles in Peru and Mexico
Brazil: Portuguese colonize - first major Portugese colony established at São Vicente

General: General use of the spinning wheel in Europe
Belgium: Antwerp exchange founded
England: Death of Cardinal Wolsey after arrest as a traitor
Pre-Protestant Henry VIII participates in book banning and burning
France: Francis I marries Eleanor of Portugal – widow of Manuel I and sister of Charles V
German States: Confederation of Augsburg prepared by Melanchthon signed by Protestant princes – they form Schmalkaldic League against Emperor Charles V and his Catholic allies
German Protestants publish 28 articles of faith to avoid split with Church
Peace of Barcelona between Pope and Germanic troops
Holland: St. Felix' Flood in Netherlands kills over 100,000 - dikes fail and country inundated
Holy Roman Empire: Charles V crowned HRE and King of Italy by Pope Clement VII at Bologna – last imperial coronation by a pope
Criminal code and police regulations for HRE written
Italian States: Barnabite order of Catholics set up in Milan for plague victims
Charles (France) rules Italy
Malta: Knights of St. John reestablished in Malta by Charles V - ousted from Rhodes by Turks and go to Malta
Portugal: Portuguese organize trans-Atlantic slave trade
Spain: Typhus in Tuscany Spain
Switzerland: Civil war in Switzerland between Catholics and Protestant cantons – Protestants defeated