PEACH

History

1858

Population: 1.27 Billion*

Entertainment: Writers include WIlhelm Busch, Octave Feuillet, Oliver Wendell Holmes, William Morris, Henry Carey (social science), Thomas Carlyle (re: Frederick the Great), Philip Schaff (history of Christian church)
Art includes William P. Frith "Derby Day", Menzel "Bon soir Messieurs"
Music includes Peter von Cornelius, Offenbach, Berlioz
Communication: First trans-Atlantic telegraph cable completed - fails less than a month later
Medicine: Joseph Lister studies coagulation of blood
Gray's Anatomy first published
Science: TH Huxley writes the theory of vertebrate skulls
Darwin publishes Origin of Species along with Wallace's abstract
Virchow finalizes cell theory founded on Schleiden and Schwann's works
Technology: William Thomson (Lord Kelvin) invents mirror galvanometer
Deaths: Reformer Robert Owen, Artist Andro Hiroshige, Golfer Allan Robertson

South Foreland lighthouse lit by electricity, SS Great Eastern launched (largest ship of the time),

General: Richard Burton and John Speke discover Lake Tanganyika and lake Victoria Nyanza
Egypt: Suez Canal Company formed

Canada: Ottawa becomes capital
Eight reservations established
Mexico: Reformer Benito Juárez becomes Mexican president
War of Reform begins May 5th

China: Treaty of Tientsin (Tianjin) ends Anglo-Chinese war
Treaty of Augin – Russia gains Amur region from China
India: Indian Mutiny - troops increase and Lucknow siege relieved - British win
East India Company abolished - transfer to British crown
British proclaim peace in India
Indo-China: French and Spanish naval force bombards Tourane and occupies Saigon
Japan: Ansei Treaties between Japan and foreign powers

Austria: Austria retreats from supporting Pope and leaves Italy
Rebuilding of the Ringstrasse in Vienna
France: Italian nationalist Felice Orsini's attempt to assassinate Napoleon III
English designer Charles Worth creates first haute couture house in Paris
Reported sighting of the Blessed Virgin Mary in Lourdes France to Bernadette Soubirous
France's "Third Estate" tries to take control of the nobility, clergy and king of France - they vow to take control and swore an oath on a tennis court
Storming the Bastille
German States: Prince William of Prussia declared regent for the insane King Frederick William IV
Great Britain: Irish foundation of Fenian movement to break from Britain
Lionel de Rothschild becomes the first Jewish member of British Parliament
Lord Derby (Conservative) beomces British Prime Minister
First meeting of General Medical Council in London
Charles Barry designs the third Covent Garden Opera House in London
Italy: Inquisition Bologna - Edgardo Mortara case where child was abducted by Papal power by Pius IX, other Italian states demand Papal reforms
Secret alliance between Napoleon III and Count Cavour Premier of Piedmont
Montenegro: Turkish attack on Montenegro repulsed
Serbia: Alixander Karageorgevich deposed by Serbian Diet – Milos Obrenovic declared king