Family information unknown

General

Population: About 162 million*

• Births: Plato (431 BC)
• Entertainment: Bust of Pericles made by Cresilas (439 BC)
  Euripedes writes "Medea" (431 BC)
• Medicine: Empedocles introduces concept of the four bodily humors (431 BC)
• Philosophy: Philosopher Leucippus declares that all natural events have a natural cause (430 BC)
• Deaths: Plato (unlikely 437 BC), Phidias the Greek sculptor (436 BC), Xerxes of Persia (435 BC), Philosopher Empedocles - founder of theory of four elements (430 BC)

Europe

• Greece: Bust of Pericles made by Cresilas (439 BC)
  Amphipolis colonized by Athenians (437 BC)
  40-foot statue of Zeus completed in gold and ivory over wood (432 BC)
  Parthenon consecrated, then completed (438 BC + 432 BC)
  Acropolis completed (433 - 431 BC)
  Pericles delivers funeral oration (431 BC)
  Great Peloponnesian War (Second) between Athens and Sparta to 421 BC (431 BC)
  Plagues hit Athens - probably smallpox - Thrcydides describes bodies piled in the streets (430 BC)
• Italian States: Plebian revolt in Rome - Cincinnatus appointed dictator (439 BC)
  Famine causes multitudes of Romans to throw themselves into the river Tober (436 BC)
  Temple of Apollo created in Rome (431 BC)

Middle East

• Persia: Death of Xerxes (435 BC)